各种数目概念表示法

句型［exactly等整数限制语+数词（数字）］/［数词（数字）+exactly等整数限制语］

1.Theclothmeasurestenyardsexactly.2.Itisnowexactlyteno'clock.

3.Ishallbejusteighteenyearsoldonthe15thofnextmonth.4.Ittakesmethreecleardays.

句型［about等约数限制语+数词］/［数词+orso,moreorless］

1.Abouttwentythousandpeoplesawthematchyesterday.2.Theyopenedupsome8,000muofland.

3.Therearesomedozen(of)peoplethere.4.Itisanhour'journey,moreorless.

5.ThepriceofthisnewmachineisintheneighborhoodofonethousandYuan.

6.Duringthepastyearorso,theproductionrecordofthatfactoryhasbeenraisedto200%.

7.Ican'tgiveyoutheexactfigure,butinroundnumberitwasfiftyorsixtyYuan.

句型［over等表示有余的限制语+数词］/［数词+andmore等表示有余的限制语］

1.Bigbattle-shipsofovertenthousandtonscanbefullybuiltinShanghai.

2.Hehaslivedabroadabovetenyears.

3.Ihaveknownhimformorethan(forupwardsof)twentyyears.

4.Nofewerthan(Notlessthan)twothousandpeoplewenttotheparkyesterday.

5.InoldChinatheworkingdaywasnotlessthansixteenhours.

6.Ourcollegestudentsarenowrequiredtolearnatleastoneforeignlanguage.

7.Therearefiftyandodd(andmore)pupilsinourclass.

8.Therearechildrenofthreeyearsoldandupwards.

句型［…under等表示不足的限制语+数词］

1.Hemaybeunder(below)thirtyyearsofage.

2.Theurgentworkwascompletedinlessthanfivehours.

3.Therentofthehouseislessthan(nomorethan)threehundredYuanamonth.

4.Ithadbeendonefornomorethantendays.

5.Thisoldmachinetoolisusedforat(thevery)mostfifteenhoursaday.

句型［amountto等表示共计的限制语+数词］/［数词+inall等表示共计的限制语］

1.Thetotalexpensesamounttoahundreddollars.2.Thevisitorstotaled2,500.

3.Theexpendituresumsupto(addsupto)$1,000.4.Wenumberedtwentyinall.

5.Thevariousitemsfootup(come)to$2,000.6.Theywerefifteen,alltold.

句型［…increase/decrease等+from数词+to数词］

1.Thenumberofdraughtanimalsinthisbrigadeincreasedfrom10to90.

2.Thenumberofparticipantsroseto300,000.

3.Thecompanyhasincreasedthecapitalstockfromamillionto20milliondollars.

4.Thepopulationinthiscityhasjumpedabove3,000,000.

5.Themembersoftheassociationhavedecrease(werereduced)to300.

6.Thepopulationinthiscountryfelltounder40,000,000.

7.ThepriceofsilkhasdroppedfromsixteentotenYuanperJin.

句型［…甲数+inclusiveof/including+乙数…］/［…甲数+exclusiveof/excluding+乙数］

1.Thewholeamountsto500Yuan,inclusiveoftheexpenses35Yuan.

2.Thedelegationconsistedof15,includingtwointerpreters.

3.Price1Yuan,postageincluded.

4.Hehas1,500Yuaninthebank,exclusiveoftheinterest.

5.Therewerefiftypeoplepresent,notcountingthechildren.

句型［…表示按比例变化的限制语+数词］

1.Thetreesareplantedatintervalsoftwentyfeet.2.Wetakearestatintervalsoftwohours.

3.Iaskyoutoteachmeeveryotherday.4.IwenttoDovereverythirdorfourthweek

5.Writeoneveryotherline,oreverythirdline?6.Wegavetwotoeveryfour.

7.ThisteaissoldforeightyYuanperJin.8.Thecarrunsattherateofsixtymilesanhour.

9.I'llgiveyousomepillstobetakentwoatatime,threetimesadaybeforemeals.

　年月日时表示法

句型［on+月份+序数词(日子)+基数词(年度)…］［in+基数词(年度)+on+月份+序数词(日子)…］

1.OnApril24,1970,Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstman-madeearthsatellite.

2.HewasbornonMarch15,1977.

3.In1921,theleadingrevolutionariesofChinametinsecretonaboatatJiaxingonJuly1st,andtheChineseCommunistPartywasfounded.

句型［…at+钟点+inthemorning等,on+月+日…］［…at+钟点+onthemorning等of+月+日…］

1.Weheldameetingateighto'clockinthemorningonthefourthofMay.

2.Hearrivedatnineintheeveningonthe3rdofthismonth.

3.WecametoTianAnMenSquareatseveno'clockonthemorningofOctober.

4.At09:40hoursonDecember15,1971,anIndianaircraftintrudedintoChina'sairspaceinTibet.

5.ChairmanMaopassedawayat00:10hoursonSeptember9,1976inBeijing.

6.PremierZhouEn-laidiedofcancerat09:57hoursonJanuary8,1976,inBeijingattheageof76.

句型［…at+基数词(minutes)+past/to+基数词(o'clock)…］

1.Themeetingwillbeopenedatfivepastseven.2.Hecamehereataquartertoeight.

年龄表示法

句型［主语+be+数词（限制语）+yearsold/yearsofage］

1."Howoldishe?"-"heisjustfifty(yearsold)."(=Heisagedjustfifty/Hisageisjustfifty.)

2."Whatishisage?"-"Heistowardsfiftyyearsofage."

3."Ofwhatageisyourson?"-"(Myson)elevenandahalfyearsold."

4."GuesshowoldMaryis."-"Sheisaboutbetweeneighteenandtwentyyearsofage."

5.Thelittleonewasfivemonthsold.6."Howoldisthemoon?"-"Sheisfifteendaysold."

7."Howoldisthetree?"-"Thistreeiscenturiesold."

6."Howoldisthehorse?"-"Thehorseisoverfouryearsold

句型［…attheageof+数词］/［…at+数字+(yearsofage)］

1.AttheageofsixteenDarwinwenttoEdinburghtostudymedicineandthreeyearslatertoCambridge.2.Hediedattheripeageofeighty.

3.Shebecameplumpatforty.4.Hegraduatedattwentyyearsofage.

4.Childrenenterschoolattheageoffive,don'tthey?

句型［…of+数词+yearsold(或ofage)］［…aged+数字+years］［…数字+yearsofage］

［…inone's+数词复数］

1.Heisaboyofelevenyearsold.2.Myelderbrotherisamanagedfiftyyearsold.

3.Theyareallchildrenunderfiveyearsofage.

4.Childrenunder10yearofageareadmittedathalfprice.

5.Heisayoung,gallantofficerinhistwenties.

6.Thegrannyspeaksasifshewereagirlinherteens.

倍数表示法

句型［主语+谓语（double/treble）+宾语（增加对象）］

1.Thiscountryhasdoubledherannualoutputofsteelduringthepost-waryears.

2.InHengdongCounty,itsper-mugrainyieldsurpassed800in1970,doublingthatbefore1965.

3.Theenemy'sforcetreblesourown,butwehavewipedouttheenemy.

4.Ouropponentsscoreddoubleourpoints.

[注]double和treble也可以作不及物动词用，如：Thegrainsinourcommunehavetrebledthisyear.

Wagesofworkershadmorethandoubled.

句型［主语+be+倍数+thatof+被比对象］/［主语+be+倍数+as…as+被比对象］

1.Inourareanowthegrainoutputisfourtimesthatbeforeliberation.

2.InthisworkshoptheoutputofJulywas3.5timesthatofJanuary.

3.Theper-muyieldofourvillagethisyearwillcount2,400jin,whichisfourtimesthatof1998.

4.Bythattimeweshallproducethreetimesasmuchgrainaswedidtenyearsago.

5.Thisboxisthreetimesasheavyasthat.6.Beijingistentimesasbigasmyhometown.

7.Thegrossvalueofindustrialoutputofourareathisyearwillbeestimatedtobe2.5timesthatoflastyear.

句型［主语+be+倍数/百分数+upon/over/+被比对象］

［主语+be+倍数/百分数+比较级+than+被比对象］

1.Theindustrialoutputoflastyearinourvillagewas250%uponthatof1986.

2.Thegrainoutputinthatvillagewastwotimesoverthatof1988

3.Thesunisahugeblazingball,amilliontimeslargerthantheearth.

4.Thistypeofmachineusesthreetimesmorefueloilthanthattypedoes.

5.Agoodharvestofearlyricewasreapedon400,000mu,theoutputbeing25percenthigherthanlastyear's.6.Agriculturaloutputfor1974isestimatedtobe51%upon1964.

句型［主语+increase/rise/attain+(to)倍数+comparedwith+被比对象］

1.Bycomparisonwith1948,theforeigntradeturnoverofthatcountryin1957increased3.5times.

2.Thenumberofpupilsinthiscityhasincreased6timesincomparisonwith1990.

3.Withtheresultofautomationproductivityhasincreased(risento)sixty-sixfoldinthatfactory.

4.Nowtheindustryofthiscountryhasattainedoversixtimesofthepre-waroutput.

5.Lastyear,theproductionofdifferentkindsoffarmtoolsinourfactoryincreases(to)ninetimes,comparedwith1999.

句型［主语+increase/rise等+(by)百分数+comparedwith…］

1.TheoutputofJulyinourfactoryincreased(by)250%comparedwiththatofJanuary.

2.Manycountrieshaveincreasedtheirfarmoutputby100percentormorewithinashortspaceoftime.

3.Overthepast17years,Daqinghasincreaseditsannualoutputofcrudeoilbyanaverageof28percent.

4.In2007crudeoilproductionrose150%comparedwith2005,fulfillingthecompanyplantwomonthsaheadofschedule.

[注1]by表示增加的净数，也可用于倍数，如：Itexceededourestimateby3times.

Theenemy'sforcesweremorethanoursby4times.

[注2]注意下面成语所含倍数的意义，加again表示增加一倍，如：

Hehasbooksasmuch(many)asshe.Hehasbookshalfasmuchagainasshe.

分数减少表示法

句型［主语+reduce等+宾语+(by)分数或百分数…］

1.Theinventionofmanynewtoolsinourfactoryhasreducedthecostofproduction(by)onethird,whiletheoutputhasgoneup(to)160percent.

2.Thepriceoffarmtoolsinourfactoryhasreduced(或decreased)towfifths.

3.Ithasreducedtheamountbyonehalf.

句型［主语+reduce等+(from)…to+分数或百分数］

1.Atthattimeindustrialoutputinthatcountryhadsunk(或hadfallen等)twothirds.

2.Agriculturaltaxhasreducedfrom12%intheearlypost-liberationyearstofive%.

3.Bytheendof2006,theshareoftheprivatedealersinthiscityhadfallento5%.

计量表示法

句型［主语+measure+数词+单位+long等形容词/inlength等］

［主语+be+数词+单位+long等形容词/inlength等］［主语+attain+alength等+数词+单位］

1.Thetreeisaboutsixtyfeethigh(或inheight).(=Thetreeattainsaheightofaboutsixtyfeet.)

2.Shewastall,nearsixfeetinheight,butslenderlyformed.

3.Thebirdisaboutsixincheslongandweighsthreequartersofanounce.

4.Ifoundmyselfaloneinavastroom,betweentwoandthreehundredfeetwideandabouttwohundredhigh,lyinginbedtwentyyardswide.

5."Howwideistheriver?"-"It'sabovetenmeterswide(或inwidth)."

6.Lastyearthesnowattainedathickness(或felladepth)ofthreefeethere.

7.Heis150poundsinweight(=Heattainsaweightof150pounds).

8.Thepolicesearchedallthefieldsandwoodswithinaradiusoftwomiles.

句型［主语+measure/be+（长度）数词+单位+by+(宽度)数词+（单位）］

1.Thisroommeasurestwentyfeetbyfifteen.(=theroomistwentyfeetinlengthandfifteenfeetinbreadth.)2.Thebedissixfeetbyfourandahalffeet.

3."Whatsizeisthattable?""Itmeasuresthreefeetbythree."

句型［主语+cost/beworth+数词+单位］［主语+bevalued/berated+at+数词+单位］

1."Howmuchisit?"-"Itcostsabovetendollars"(=thepriceofitisabovetendollars.)

2.ThispencostsmefiveYuan.

3.It'sworth12shillings,butthisisnotworthmorethantenshillings.

4.Hevaluedthehouseformeat350,000Yuan.

5.Thiscoatcosts20dollars,butIdon'tthinkitisratedatten.

加减乘除表示法

句型［甲数+plus/and/addedto+乙数+is/are/willbe/equals/isequalto/makes/gets+和数］

1.Howmuchis(或makes)twoplusfour?Howmanyaretwoandfour?

Whataretwoandfour?回答：Thetotal(sum)issix.

2.Twoplusfourequalssix.Twoandfouris(are)six.Twoplusfourisequaltosix.

Twoaddedtofourequalssix.Twoandfourmakes(make)six.Towplusfourwillbesix.

Ifweaddtwotofour,wegetsix.

句型［甲数+minus/lessaddedto+乙数+is/equals(或isequalto)+差数］

［乙数+taken/subtracted+from+甲数+leaves+差数］

1.Howmuchiseightminus(less)three?Whatisthreefromeight?回答：Thedifferenceisfive.

2.Eightminus(less)threeequalsfive.Eightminusthreeis(are/isequalto)five.

Threetakenfromeightleavesfive.Three(subtracted)fromeightandtheremainderisfive.(fiveremains).Subtractthreefromeightandtheremainderwillbefive.

句型［甲数+multipliedby+乙数+is/equals(或isequalto)等+积数］

［Multiply+甲数+by+乙数+is/equals(或isequalto)等+积数］

［once,twice,threetimes…+乙数+is/equals(或isequalto)等+积数］

1.Howmanyarethreemultipliedbyfour?Whatisthreemultipliedbyfour?

Howmuchgivesthreetimesfour?Whatisthreetimesfour？回答：Theresultistwelve.

2.Threemultipliedbyfourequalstwelve.Multiplythreebyfourgivestwelve.

Multiplythreebyfour,wegettwelve.Threetimesfouristwelve

[注]1x1=1Onceoneisone.2x1=2(Twiceoneistwo.)

(a+b)(a-b)=a2-b2Aplusbmultipliedbyaminusbisequaltoasquaredminusbsquared.

150x2/5=60Onehundredandfiftymultipliedbytwofifthsequalssixty.

Onehundredandfiftytimestwofifthsaresixty.

句型［甲数+dividedby+乙数+gives等+商数］/［Divide+甲数+by+乙数+gives等+商数］

［乙数+into+甲数+goes+商数］

1.8÷2=?Howmanyiseightdividedbytwo?Howmanytimesdoestwogointoeight?

回答：Thequotientisfour(times).

2.8÷2=4Eightdividedbytwomakesfour.Divideeightbytwoequalsfour.

Dividetwointoeightandyougetfour.Twointoeightgoesfourtimes.

[注1]9÷2=4余1Twointoninegoesfourtimes,and1remainder.Ninedividedbytwogivesfour,and1remainder.

9÷2=4又1/2Divideninebytwoandyougetfourandahalf.Dividetwointonineandyougetfourandahalf.

[注2]加减乘除综合式(3+8-2)÷3x5=15Threepluseightminustwo,alldividedbythreemultipliedbyfiveequalfifteen.

名量词与不定量数目

句型［…数词+名量词+of+实物名词…］

常用量名词有：1.aglassofwine2.abottleofoil3.abowlofrice4.ajugoftea5.acakeofsoap6.alumpofsugar7.asheetofpaper8.aloafofbread9.apairofscissors10.apartyoftravelers11.abunchofflowers12.asetofbooks13.asuitofclothes14.adropofblood15.agrainofsand16.amouthfuloffood17.ahandfulofseed18.arayofhope19.acrowdofchildren20.aflockofsheep等。

1.Addthreespoonfulsofwater,please.2.Iwanttwopoundsofbutter.

3.MayIofferyouaglassofwine?4.Pleasegivemetwosheetsofpaper.

5.Iboughtanewpairofscissorsyesterday.6.Hetookthreebottlesofbrandy.

句型［主语+谓语+（宾语）+状语（ata+名量词）］

常见ata+名量词的词组有：1.atatime2.atablow3.atadraught=atadraft4.atamouthful5.atastretch6.atabound7.ataglance8.atasitting9.atastroke等。

1.Ikilledtwofliesatablow.2.Thedoctorsawataglancethatthechildhadmeasles.

3.Thejobwasfinishedatasitting(astretch).4.Heleapedoverthefenceatabound.

5.Thestudentswalkedtwentymilesatastretch.

6.TheYoungShockBrigadeworkedtwoshiftsatastretch.

句型［…one等基数词+of+范围词］/［…不定量词+of+范围词］［…定量词+of+范围词］

常见词组有：1.oneof…2.manyofus(them…)3.someofthem4.everyoneofus5.fewofus6.bothofthesisters7.anyofthese8.mostofthem9.allofus10.asmallnumberof…11.agreatnumberof…12.anumberof…13.agreatdealof14.alotofpeople15.plentyofpeople16.hundredsof…17.thousandsofpeople18.acoupleof…

1.LeiFengisoneofourcountry'sgreatandgloriousfighters.

2.Hesetanexampletoallofus.3.EveryoneofushasgreatfaithintheloftycauseofCommunism.

4.Wemeetwithagreatdealofdifficulties,butfinallyweovercomeallofthem.

5.Halfofthesemesterhaspassed,andwearereadytomeetacheckinteachingandlearning.

6.Ireceivedacoupleoflettersthismorning.7.Agreat(large)numberofpeoplebelieveit.