双重否定句
句型19［主语+否定式谓语…+否定词/含否定意义的词+其他］
1.Hedoesn'tlendhisbooktonobody.2.Youcan'tmakesomethingoutofnothing.
3.I'lltakeitthen.Notfornothing.I'llgiveyousomethinginreturn.
4.Icouldnotdisobeyhim.Onlyonethingremainedforme:tosufferandobey.
5.Hewasneverdissatisfiedwithmywork.6.What'sdonecannotbeundone.
7.Thiscaptaintookafancytomyconversation,whichwasnotatalldisagreeableatthattime.
[注]如果要用否定代词作主语，谓语要用肯定式。
Nothingischangeless.Nothingiswithouthisfaults.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingmind.
［主语+否定式谓语…+without+名词…/动名词］
句型20［(Therebe)+no+主语+词组或从句+without+名词…/动名词］
［It(或名词)is+否定词语+不定式+without+名词…/动名词］
1.Wecanlivewithoutfoodorwaterforsomedays,butwithoutairwecannotliveevenafewminutes.
2.AtthebeginningoflearningEnglishhecouldnotspeakitwithoutmakingmistakes.
3.Thereisnorighttospeakwithoutinvestigation.4.Nogainswithoutpains.
5.(Thereis)Nosweetwithout(some)sweat.
6.Withoutrevolutionarytheorytherecanbenorevolutionarymovement.
7.Withoutknowledgeofscienceandtechnologyitisimpossibletobuildsocialism.
8.Itisimpossibleforyourteamtowinwithoutconstanttraining.
[注1]由第二式的省略"no…without…"进一步紧缩的结果，便产生"no…no…"简略式，主要用于谚语格言。例如：Nopains,nogains.Nolaw,noliberty.Noinvestigation,norighttospeak.Nothingventure,nothinghave.（nothing是no的派生词）
[注2]"notwithout…"表示"不无…"、"不是没有…"的意思，是一种委婉的说法。
例如：Notwithoutreason/notwithoutsomedoubtIhavebroughtbackyourman-notwithoutriskanddanger.
句型21［主语+cannot+help/refrainfrom/keepfrom+动名词…］
1.ThoughLaurencehadpromisedKeithnottoseeWanda,hecouldnothelpgoingtoher.
2.He(Shylock)couldnothelpshowinghispleasure.3.Ican'thelpadmiringitwheneverIlookatit.
4.Icouldnotrefrainfromretortingtohearsuchalie.5.Icannotkeepfromlaughingtohearsuchastory.
句型22［主语+cannot+but/choosebut/helpbut+动词原形…］
1."Youcannotbutfeelalreadythatitisuselessstayinghere…youwillhavetogofarther."
2.Icannotbutadmirehiscourage.3.Wecannot(choose)butreadbookstoincreaseourknowledge.
4.Theycannotbutadmitthatincertainaspectsofscienceandtechnologyweareawayaheadofthem.
句型23［主句（否定结构）+从句（否定结构）］
1.Nothingwasusefulwhichwasnothonest.2.Nothingcanbewhollybeautifulthatisnotuseful.
3.Ihavenevercommittedoneactthatwasnotintheinterestsofmypeople.
4.Bassanio,inhisgrief,repliedthattherewasnothinghewouldnotsacrifice.
句型24［(Therebe)No+主语+but+谓语+其他］
1.Thereisnomanbuthashisfaults.2.(Thereis)Nobodybuthashisfaults.3.Noonebutcandoit.
4.Thereisnorulebuthasexceptions.5.Thereisnobodybutknowsthismatter.
句型25［第一分句（否定式谓语）+but+第二分句（肯定式谓语）］
1.Itneverrainsbutitpours.(=Itneverrainswithoutpouring.)
2.IneverseeyoubutIthinkofmybrother.3.Theynevermeetbuttheydiscussthisproblem.
4.Shenevercomesbutshebringssomethingforthechildren.
[注]汉语中的双重否定句译成英语时不一定用双重否定句。"知无不言，言无不尽。"--Sayallyouknowandsayitwithoutreserve."这样的人是没有不摔跤的。"--Suchpeopleareboundtotripandfall.
排除否定句
句型26［主语+谓语+beyond/beyondthefactthat…］
1.Hedidnothingbeyondwritingoneletter.
2.Hedidnotreallyknowwhathewasgoingtosay,beyondthatthesituationdemandedsomethingromantic.
3.OfOliverEdwards,nothing,Ibelieve,isknownbeyondthefactthathehadbeenatPembrokeCollegewithJohnson.
句型27［主语+谓语+but/butthat/barring…］
1.NooneknowsitbutyouandI.2.Hedidnothingbutwaitfortheresult.
3.Ihavenosecretofsuccessbuthardwork.
4.Icouldn'tseebutthatthesoldierswouldfightanddieforthesakeoftheircountry.
5.Whobuthewoulddosuchathing?
6.ThemeetingwillbeheldnextTuesdaybarringunforeseenfactors.
句型28［主语+谓语+except/exceptthat/exceptfor/excepting/…］
1.Everyoneisreadyexceptyou.
2.Nomaneverbecamegreatorgoodexceptthroughmanyandgreatmistakes.
3.Exceptalivingmanthereisnothingmorewonderfulthanabook.
4.Welaytherealongtimeinsilence,exceptthatWebbgroanedeverynowandthen.
5.Sheisabsolutelyaloneexceptforherson.
6.Allthesplendidfurnitureofhislateresidencehadbeensold,exceptinghiswife'sharp.
句型29［主语+谓语+apartfrom/asidefrom/exclusiveof/withtheexclusionof…］
1.Apartfromthequestionofexpense,itistoolate.2.Asidefromthisstatement,herefusedtotalk.
3.Thebuildingwillcostabout2,500,000Yuan,exclusiveofthemachineryequipment.
4.TheCanalsysteminChinaisthemostextensiveintheworldwiththeexclusionofNetherland.
句型30［主语+谓语+save/savethat/savefor/saving/savingthat…］
1.Idoentreatyou,notamandeparts,saveIalone,tillantonymhasspoken.
2.Inthislifewegetnothingsavebyeffort.
3.Atthishourthegreattunnelwasquietsavewhenatrainroaredabove.
4.Allislostsavehonor.5.Savinghiseyesight,hewasaswellasever.
6.Thebarwasemptysaveforthelandlord.
7.SavingthathefailedinLatin,hedidwell.
句型31［主语+谓语+onlythat/otherthan…］
1.Ihavenothingagainsthim,onlythatIdislikehismanner.
2."IsanythingthematterwithMadeline?"-"No,papa,onlyIhavegotaheadache."
3.Itwasfortifiedonallsidesotherthanthis.
4.Youwillgenerallysufferforwishingtoappearotherthanwhatyouare;whetheritbegreater,ormorelearned.
[注1]besides和apartfrom兼有"除外"和"包括"的意思。Icarefornothingbesides(apartfrom)this.(多用于否定句)
Apartfrom(Besides)English,heisalsowellversedinRussian.(多用于带有also等副词的肯定句)
[注2]inadditionto有"包括"的意思,如:InadditiontoJohn'sbeingblamedforthis,hewasblamedalsoforbreakingthewindow.
加强否定句
句型32［主语+强调词语+否定词+谓语动词+其他］
1.Hurlinginsultsandthreatsiscertainlynotfighting.2.Itsimplywillnotdo!
3.Wemustnotbecomecomplacentoveranysuccess.
4.Weabsolutelymustnotrelaxourwill.5.Thenatureofwolveswillneverchange.
6.WithouttheCommunistPartyIshouldassuredlynotbewhatIamtoday.
句型33［主语+be+thelast+名词+不定式…/从句］
1.ForitwasOliver,hiscruelbrother-thelastpersonOrlandowouldhaveexpectedtofindthere.
2.Heisthelastpersontodosuchathing.3.ThisisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtohavemetyou.
4.Breachofpromiseisthelastthingthatheislikelytocommit.
句型34［主语+谓语肯定式+含否定词语的成语+其他］［主语+谓语否定式+含不定词语的成语+其他］
1.AtnotimeandundernocircumstanceswillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.
2.Youngpeopleshouldonnoaccount(=shouldnotonanyaccount)neglecttheirdailyphysicalexercise.
3.Wehaveideals,butwearebynomeansvisionaries.4.Hewillinnowisegiveupstudy.
[注]其他加强否定的方式：1.[…beanythingbut…](决不是)Heisanythingbutascholar.
2.[(Thereis)no+V-ing](决不可)Thereisnodenyingthefact.=Itisabsolutelyimpermissibletodenythefact.因此语意比下句强，"Itisimpossibletodenythefact."
句型35［主语+否定式谓语+微量词+名词+其他］
1.Wemustneverforamomentdivorceourselvesfromthemasses.
2.Themotherdidnothaveawinkofsleepthewholenightonaccountofthechild'shighfever.
3.Hedidnotbreatheasinglewordaboutit.
4.ThoughIhavewalkedtwentymiles,Iamnotabittired.
5.Thelittleboyisdofullofenergythatherefusedtostayputforanylengthoftime.
[注]表示微量词的词组中以intheleast为最常见，不少的微量词可用它代替。如：
Iamnotintheleasttired.Iwasnotsurprisedintheleast.Thatboywasnotintheleastafraidofthesnake.
句型36［...否定词+名词+大范围词语...］
1.Therewillbenodifficultyintheworldwhichtheycannotovercome.
2.Thedoctorwaswritingabook,butitwentonsoslowlythatitwouldnotbefinishedwithinathousandyears.
3."Don'tyoudance?"-"I'mtheworld'sworstdancer."
4.Hewasnotatallconfused.5.Itisofnovalueatall.
6.Thisisahistoricaltrendnoforceonearthcanholdback.
[附注1]与汉语中的否定式相对应的英语不一定要用否定式。如："很不好"，不能译成英语的"verynotgood",应换一种说法，"Thisisverybad.","Itisnotgoodatall."汉语"这事我一点也不知道"可译作"Iamquiteinthedarkaboutthematter."或"AboutthisIknewnothing."汉语"我很不喜欢喝酒。"可译作为"Idislikewineverymuch."或"Iamnotabitinterestedinwine./Idon'tlikewineatall./Iamthelastpersontolikewine.
其次要注意分析。汉语"一窍不通"，是缩小否定数量的说法，最好译成"beutterlyignorant"或"notknowtheABCof…/knownothingof…又如"世界上一切事物无不具有两重性"，这里有几个强调的词语："世界上"，"一切事物"，"无不"。"一切事物"不能用all/allthings,因此只能用缩小量的说法。"Thereisnotasinglethingintheworldwithoutadualnature."
[附注2]一般说来，只要需要，所有的肯定句都可以改为否定句，但一定要依照前面所介绍的各种句型的要求。此外，还应考虑以下几点：
1)逻辑上说不过去的不能改为否定句。WhereisMary?不能改为whereisn'tMary?
2)句型要求不能用否定式的。Howhard-workingheis!不能改为howhard-workingheisn't!
3)除句型28中列举的一些强调词语有分工外，以下词语只用于肯定句，否定句应采用括号中相对应的异根同义词。Some(not…any);too(not…either);so(neither,nomore);alongway(not…far);alotof/plentyof/agreatdealof/agooddealof…(not…muchof);as…as(notso…as);alreadystill(notyet/notanymore/nomore/nolonger…)
1.Ihavegotsome.→Ihaven'tgotany.2.Iseeagreatdealofhim.→Ididn'tseemuchofhim.
3.Wewentalongway.→Wedidn'tgofar.4.Iwilldosostill.→I'llnotdosoanymore.
4)注意may,must,need,can(could)在肯定句与否定句中的含义变化，对应关系也会出现交错现象。
A.表示许可用may(口语中常用can);表示禁止通常用mustnot,有时也用maynot语气较委婉。
"May(Can)Ismokehere?"-"Yes,youmay(can)."或"No,youmustnot."或"Youmaynotsmokehere."
B.表示责任、义务或必要时用must,否定式只能用neednot
"Mustwehandinourhomeworktoday?"-"Yes,youmust.No,youneedn't."
C.表示推测指"可能"时，用must;指"不可能"，"不一定"时用cannot/couldnot,有时也用maynot,口气较委婉，意为"也许不"。Thatmustbeamistake.No,itcannotbeamistake.Itmustnotbeamistake
D.表示推测也常用may，指"可能"；否定式同上。Hemayberight/Hecannotberight.Hemaynotberight.