中考英语知识点:否定意义的副词

一个包含否定词(或有否定意义的词)的副词(短语)可以放在“助动词+主语+主要动词”的前面来加以强调:

NowherecanIfindacleanerplace.(否定的地点副词或短语)

InnootherlanddoIwishtoliveanddie.

Neitherfromthenorthnorfromthesouthdoeshecome.

OnlytoAsia(=TonootherplacesthanAsia)canweexportourgoods

FromtheMiddleEastalone(=FromnootherareasthantheMiddleEast)doesthiscountryobtainitsoil.

Notuntilsixteenhadthisgreatwriterlearnedtowrite.

(否定的时间副词或短语)

NeverhaveIsaidanythingtohim.(正确)

NohaveIsaidanythingtohim.(错句,not虽为否定词,都必须用在短语中,不能单独这样用。)

NotoanyonehaveIsaidanything.(正确)

NosoonerhadItouchthepillowthanIfellasleep.

Foronlyafew(=notmany)monthscouldmymarriedlifebecalledhappy.

LessthanamonthhaveIlearnedtocook.

Noafigdoeshecare!(程度副词或短语)

Ifyoudonotknowher,much(even,still)lessdoI.

Ifyoucan'tanswerthequestion,nomorecanI.

LeastofallcouldIkillanyone.

Hardly(orScarcely)(=Notquite)hadheseenmewhenhecalledouttome.

Neverinallherlifehassheseensuchahandsomeman.

(频度副词或短语)

Rarely(orSeldom)(=Notoften)didhenoticesuchamatter.

NotinfrequentlymayIgetthepermissiontoseetheboss.

NolongercanIstandhisimpudence.

Bynomeansmustyousaythat.(方式副词或短语)

Under(orIn)nocircumstancesmustanyoneviolatetherules.

Onlybystealingcanhemakehisliving.

Onlywhenonehasenoughtoeatcanonebehonest.(副词+状语从句)

Nothoughyoumadearequestwouldheagree.

Hardlyeverhastherebeenanycaselikethat.(注意therebeen的位置)

NeverwilltherebeanyWorldWarⅢ.

不过,要是一个短语,虽然包含否定词,却没有否定意义,句子仍用正常语序:

Notlong(=Ashorttime)agoIstillsawhim.(不要说didIstillseehim.)

Notmany(=Afew)monthslater,hecameagain.

Notinfrequently(=Often)hetoldmethesamestory.

(也可说didhetell…)

Notonlysheagreed,butalsoherhusbandsaid“yes”.

(也可说Notonlydidsheagree…)

尽管副词(短语)并不是否定的,间或也可有“副词(短语)+助动词+主语+主要动词”这样的语序:

InvainhaveIwrittenallthesearticles.

Fromtimetotimehashesaidthat,butnobodycares.

StillmorewasIimpressedwithhermanners.

ManyanightdidJohnwaitforheratthecorner.

Ofthefiftystudents,canonlyfivepassthisyear.