中考英语知识点:否定意义的副词
一个包含否定词(或有否定意义的词)的副词(短语)可以放在“助动词+主语+主要动词”的前面来加以强调:
NowherecanIfindacleanerplace.(否定的地点副词或短语)
InnootherlanddoIwishtoliveanddie.
Neitherfromthenorthnorfromthesouthdoeshecome.
OnlytoAsia(=TonootherplacesthanAsia)canweexportourgoods
FromtheMiddleEastalone(=FromnootherareasthantheMiddleEast)doesthiscountryobtainitsoil.
Notuntilsixteenhadthisgreatwriterlearnedtowrite.
(否定的时间副词或短语)
NeverhaveIsaidanythingtohim.(正确)
NohaveIsaidanythingtohim.(错句,not虽为否定词,都必须用在短语中,不能单独这样用。)
NotoanyonehaveIsaidanything.(正确)
NosoonerhadItouchthepillowthanIfellasleep.
Foronlyafew(=notmany)monthscouldmymarriedlifebecalledhappy.
LessthanamonthhaveIlearnedtocook.
Noafigdoeshecare!(程度副词或短语)
Ifyoudonotknowher,much(even,still)lessdoI.
Ifyoucan'tanswerthequestion,nomorecanI.
LeastofallcouldIkillanyone.
Hardly(orScarcely)(=Notquite)hadheseenmewhenhecalledouttome.
Neverinallherlifehassheseensuchahandsomeman.
(频度副词或短语)
Rarely(orSeldom)(=Notoften)didhenoticesuchamatter.
NotinfrequentlymayIgetthepermissiontoseetheboss.
NolongercanIstandhisimpudence.
Bynomeansmustyousaythat.(方式副词或短语)
Under(orIn)nocircumstancesmustanyoneviolatetherules.
Onlybystealingcanhemakehisliving.
Onlywhenonehasenoughtoeatcanonebehonest.(副词+状语从句)
Nothoughyoumadearequestwouldheagree.
Hardlyeverhastherebeenanycaselikethat.(注意therebeen的位置)
NeverwilltherebeanyWorldWarⅢ.
不过,要是一个短语,虽然包含否定词,却没有否定意义,句子仍用正常语序:
Notlong(=Ashorttime)agoIstillsawhim.(不要说didIstillseehim.)
Notmany(=Afew)monthslater,hecameagain.
Notinfrequently(=Often)hetoldmethesamestory.
(也可说didhetell…)
Notonlysheagreed,butalsoherhusbandsaid“yes”.
(也可说Notonlydidsheagree…)
尽管副词(短语)并不是否定的,间或也可有“副词(短语)+助动词+主语+主要动词”这样的语序:
InvainhaveIwrittenallthesearticles.
Fromtimetotimehashesaidthat,butnobodycares.
StillmorewasIimpressedwithhermanners.
ManyanightdidJohnwaitforheratthecorner.
Ofthefiftystudents,canonlyfivepassthisyear.