从形态上看,大多数副词都是由"形容词+后缀-ly"构成的,例如:slowly,heavily,truly,terribly等。

形容词变副词:

①.在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really;helpful-helpfully;careful-carefully;slow-slowly;quick-quickly;quiet-quietly

②.以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily;angry-angrily;easy-easily

③.某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如:terrible-terribly;true-truly;gentle-gently

注意:friendly;motherly;lovely,weekly,lively等词是形容词而非副词。

④.英语中还有少数与形容词同形的副词,例如:daily,early,fast,hard,high,long,near,straight,well等。请比较它们的词义和用法:

thehighjump跳高项目(形容词)tojumphigh跳得高(副词)

afastcar行得快的汽车(形容词)todrivefast开快车(副词)

anearlyriser早起的人(形容词)togetupearly起得早(副词)

astraightline直线(形容词)Gostraightahead.一直朝前走。(副词)

注意:兼有两种形式的副词

①.late与lately:

late意思是"晚";lately意思是"最近"。例如:Youhavecometoolate.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?

②.deep与deeply:

deep意思是"深",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,"深深地"。例如:Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.

③.high与highly:

high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。例如:Theplanewasflyinghigh.Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.

④.wide与widely:

wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地","在许多地方"。例如:Heopenedthedoorwide.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.