常用介词用法比较
(1)as,like
as表示"作为"强调身份,like(介词)表示"像"
Asateacher,hecaresforthesechildren.
Likeateacher,hecaresforthesechildren.
(2)with,in
with表示"外貌特征或附带的东西","用……作工具"
in表示"衣着""用某语言",在固定搭配中也可用in
Amanwithdarkglasseswantedtobuydrinks.
Amaninblackwantedtobuydrinks.
Theboyislearningtowriteinpencil/withapencil.
HeretoldthetextinEnglish.
(3)for,to
for表示"为了."
To表示动作对象,"对,向."如:
Hewoulddoanythingforhismotherland.
Didyoumentionthistomyfather?
你对我父亲提起过这件事吗?
for表示"就某情况而说",to表示一"对某对象而言"如:
It'squitewarmtodayforFebruary.就二月的天气,今天够暖和的。
Whathetoldyoujustnowwasnotnewtome
他刚才对你所说的话对我并不新鲜
for表示"目的,用途"。与go,come动词连用,
(4)except,besides
except表示"从总体中排除一部分",与bat同义,besides表示"除了一部分还有另一部分"
Weallfailedexcepthim.我们都失败了,但他没有。
HespeaksGermanbesidesFrench.他懂法外还会讲英语。
(5)注意成对介词的用法:
getinto(outof)thecar,geton(off)thebus,jumponto(off)theplatform,outof
(6)介词和名词动词等有不少固定搭配和习惯用法:
toone'ssurprise/joy,inchargeof,insteadof,inbed(hospital),introuble,inahurry,insurprise,withasmile,withonevoice,accordingto,atonce,ontime,intime,inall,athome,(school,work),atlast,atleast,intheend,bytheway,forexample,atthesametime,atthesamespeed,onone'sway(to),inthesun,onthefootballteam,inline,withthehelpof,inred/green…puton,lookfor,lookafter,runafter,sendfor,enterfor,payfor,show…around,listento,arrivein/at,getto,agreewith,succeedin,thinkof(about),waitfor,….
(7)表示加减乘除,分别用介词plus,minus,times和动词过去分词divided+by